Questions
1. Locke's view of the child as a "blank slate" whose character is
shaped by experience.
2. A British naturalist whose controversial theory emphasized survival
of the fittest or natural selection.
3. This man, along with Theodore Simon, developed the first IQ test
in Paris to identify children who needed special education.
4.This Viennese psychiatrist developed the Psychosexual Theory of
child development and is considered the father of psychotherapy.
5. This Russian psychologist trained his dogs to salivate to a bell.
6. Konrad Lorenz, a zoologist and ethologist coined the term
"imprinting" to describe the behavior of these baby bird's attachment
to their mothers after hatching.
7. Harry Harlow showed that attachment is not food-based when he
used surrogate mothers in experiments with these animals.
8. Harlow's research showed that the baby monkeys preferred which
surrogate mother?
9. This British psychoanalyst developed the theory of attachment.
10. This kind of research design examines relationships between
variables but does not infer cause and effect.
11. The variable that the researcher expects to cause changes in
another variable in an experiment.
12. The variable that the researcher expects to be influenced by the
other variable and which the researcher observes or measures.
13. The human body has this many chromosomes, which are rod-like
structures in the cell nucleus that store and transmit genetic
information.
14. Long, double-stranded molecules that make up chromosomes.
15. Twins resulting from the fertilization of one egg by one sperm,
and then which divides during the zygotic phase into two babies.
16. Twins resulting from the fertilization of two different eggs by two
different sperms.
17. The genetic make-up of an individual.
18. The process of cell duplication, in which each new cell is an exact
copy of the original.
19. The process of cell division in which sperms and eggs are
formed and in which the number of chromosomes in each cell is
halved.
20. A sudden permanent change in a segment of DNA.
21. The individual's physical and behavioral characteristics,
determined by both genetic and environmental factors.
22. This pair of chromosomes determines the baby's sex -- XX for
girls and Xy for boys.
23. Any environmental agent that causes damage to the developing
baby during the prenatal period.
24. This legalized drug causes intellectual disability, impaired motor
coordination, attention disorders, memory and language delays, a
particular pattern of facial abnormalities, and overactivity in children
who are exposed prenatally.
1. Locke's view of the child as a "blank slate" whose character is
shaped by experience.
2. A British naturalist whose controversial theory emphasized survival
of the fittest or natural selection.
3. This man, along with Theodore Simon, developed the first IQ test
in Paris to identify children who needed special education.
4.This Viennese psychiatrist developed the Psychosexual Theory of
child development and is considered the father of psychotherapy.
5. This Russian psychologist trained his dogs to salivate to a bell.
6. Konrad Lorenz, a zoologist and ethologist coined the term
"imprinting" to describe the behavior of these baby bird's attachment
to their mothers after hatching.
7. Harry Harlow showed that attachment is not food-based when he
used surrogate mothers in experiments with these animals.
8. Harlow's research showed that the baby monkeys preferred which
surrogate mother?
9. This British psychoanalyst developed the theory of attachment.
10. This kind of research design examines relationships between
variables but does not infer cause and effect.
11. The variable that the researcher expects to cause changes in
another variable in an experiment.
12. The variable that the researcher expects to be influenced by the
other variable and which the researcher observes or measures.
13. The human body has this many chromosomes, which are rod-like
structures in the cell nucleus that store and transmit genetic
information.
14. Long, double-stranded molecules that make up chromosomes.
15. Twins resulting from the fertilization of one egg by one sperm,
and then which divides during the zygotic phase into two babies.
16. Twins resulting from the fertilization of two different eggs by two
different sperms.
17. The genetic make-up of an individual.
18. The process of cell duplication, in which each new cell is an exact
copy of the original.
19. The process of cell division in which sperms and eggs are
formed and in which the number of chromosomes in each cell is
halved.
20. A sudden permanent change in a segment of DNA.
21. The individual's physical and behavioral characteristics,
determined by both genetic and environmental factors.
22. This pair of chromosomes determines the baby's sex -- XX for
girls and Xy for boys.
23. Any environmental agent that causes damage to the developing
baby during the prenatal period.
24. This legalized drug causes intellectual disability, impaired motor
coordination, attention disorders, memory and language delays, a
particular pattern of facial abnormalities, and overactivity in children
who are exposed prenatally.
2020 Summer test reviews
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Match these answers to those
questions. Answers will be reviewed in
class. They may also be found on this
website or in your lecture notes.
7 1/2 pounds
20 inches
23 pairs or 46
23rd pair
age of viability
alcohol
assimilation
babbling
Alfred Binet
birth
birth
blastocyst
John Bowlby
cephalocaudal
cerebral cortex
child-directed speech
cooing
correlational design
Charles Darwin
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
dependent variable
dizygotic twins (fraternal)
dilation and effacement of the cervix
fine motor
fontanels
food insecurity
Sigmund Freud
genotype
greylag goslings
gross motor
heart rate
implantation
independent variable
lanugo
lateralization
meiosis
mitosis
monozygotic twins (identical)
mutation
neurons
nonorganic failure to thrive
object permanence
palmar or ulnar
Ivan Pavlov
phenotype
pincer
placenta
plasticity
protein
proximodistal
quadruples
receptive
rhesus monkeys
rooting
schemes
sensorimotor
skeletal age
Stage 2
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)
synapses
tabula rasa
teratogen
terry cloth (or soft) mother
umbilical cord
vernix
when the baby is interested
zone of proximal development
zygote, embryo, fetus
questions. Answers will be reviewed in
class. They may also be found on this
website or in your lecture notes.
7 1/2 pounds
20 inches
23 pairs or 46
23rd pair
age of viability
alcohol
assimilation
babbling
Alfred Binet
birth
birth
blastocyst
John Bowlby
cephalocaudal
cerebral cortex
child-directed speech
cooing
correlational design
Charles Darwin
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
dependent variable
dizygotic twins (fraternal)
dilation and effacement of the cervix
fine motor
fontanels
food insecurity
Sigmund Freud
genotype
greylag goslings
gross motor
heart rate
implantation
independent variable
lanugo
lateralization
meiosis
mitosis
monozygotic twins (identical)
mutation
neurons
nonorganic failure to thrive
object permanence
palmar or ulnar
Ivan Pavlov
phenotype
pincer
placenta
plasticity
protein
proximodistal
quadruples
receptive
rhesus monkeys
rooting
schemes
sensorimotor
skeletal age
Stage 2
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)
synapses
tabula rasa
teratogen
terry cloth (or soft) mother
umbilical cord
vernix
when the baby is interested
zone of proximal development
zygote, embryo, fetus
25. The three phases of prenatal development, in order.
26. The zygote 4 days after fertilization, when the tiny mass of cells forms a fluid-filled ball.
27. Attachment of the blastocyst to the uterine lining 7 to 9 days after fertilization.
28. The organ that separates the mother's bloodstream from the embryo or fetal bloodstream but which delivers
nutrients and removes waste.
29. This long cord connects the fetus to the placenta.
30. This occurs between the 22nd and 27th week of pregnancy: the age at which a premature baby can survive.
31. What happens during the first stage of childbirth?
32. The baby is delivered during this stage of childbirth.
33. The average weight of a newborn baby in USA.
34. The average height of a newborn baby in USA.
35. White, downy hair that covers the fetus, helping vernix stick to the skin.
36. A white cheese-like substance that covers the fetus, preventing skin chapping from the amniotic fluid.
37. The Apgar scale assesses a newborn's respiration, reflex irritability, muscle tone, color, and this.
38. This newborn reflex causes the baby to turn her head when her cheek is stroked.
39. The soft spots that separate the bones of the baby's skull at birth.
40. The average baby's weight does this by age 2.
41. Development of the infant's head region occurs before the foot (head to tail).
42. Development of the infant's torso occurs before the limbs (near to far).
43. The best way to assess a child's physical maturity is to measure this.
44. Cells specialized for storing and transmitting information in the brain.
45. The tiny gaps between neurons, across which chemical messages are sent.
46. The largest, most complex brain structure.
47. Specialization of the two hemispheres of the brain.
48. The ability of one part of the brain to take over the functions of a damaged region of the brain.
49. In the US, the leading cause of infant death between 1 week and 12 months.
50. Kwashiorkor results from a diet very low in this.
51. In the US, 16% of children suffer from uncertain access to enough food for a healthy active life. What is this
called?
52. The condition in which a baby is not growing due to abuse or neglect.
53. Grasping is a good example of this kind of skill.
54. Crawling is a good example of this kind of skill.
55. The grasp in which objects are held by folding the fingers against the palm.
56. The grasp in which objects are held by the thumb and index finger.
57. Research suggests that this is the best time to begin toilet training.
58. Piaget's first stage of human development, spanning the first two years.
59. A toddler who sees an doggie for the first time and calls it a kittie is using this.
60. According to Piaget, these are specific psychological structures that children use to make sense of their world.
61. The understanding that objects continue to exist even when they are out of sight.
62. According to Vygotsky, tasks that a child cannot yet do on her own, but can with the help of an older peer or
an adult is in this.
63. About 2 months, babies make one-syllable vowel sounds called this.
64. The repetition of long strings of consonant-vowel combinations, beginning around 6 months.
65. At all ages, this kind of language comes before expressive language.
66. Talking to a baby or young child with high-pitched exaggerated expression, many simplified words, repeated
phrases, directions, and questions, in a slower meter.
67. The age at which children first prefer to listen to child-directed speech over other kinds of adult talk.
68. At what age can a parent begin reading to a baby?
26. The zygote 4 days after fertilization, when the tiny mass of cells forms a fluid-filled ball.
27. Attachment of the blastocyst to the uterine lining 7 to 9 days after fertilization.
28. The organ that separates the mother's bloodstream from the embryo or fetal bloodstream but which delivers
nutrients and removes waste.
29. This long cord connects the fetus to the placenta.
30. This occurs between the 22nd and 27th week of pregnancy: the age at which a premature baby can survive.
31. What happens during the first stage of childbirth?
32. The baby is delivered during this stage of childbirth.
33. The average weight of a newborn baby in USA.
34. The average height of a newborn baby in USA.
35. White, downy hair that covers the fetus, helping vernix stick to the skin.
36. A white cheese-like substance that covers the fetus, preventing skin chapping from the amniotic fluid.
37. The Apgar scale assesses a newborn's respiration, reflex irritability, muscle tone, color, and this.
38. This newborn reflex causes the baby to turn her head when her cheek is stroked.
39. The soft spots that separate the bones of the baby's skull at birth.
40. The average baby's weight does this by age 2.
41. Development of the infant's head region occurs before the foot (head to tail).
42. Development of the infant's torso occurs before the limbs (near to far).
43. The best way to assess a child's physical maturity is to measure this.
44. Cells specialized for storing and transmitting information in the brain.
45. The tiny gaps between neurons, across which chemical messages are sent.
46. The largest, most complex brain structure.
47. Specialization of the two hemispheres of the brain.
48. The ability of one part of the brain to take over the functions of a damaged region of the brain.
49. In the US, the leading cause of infant death between 1 week and 12 months.
50. Kwashiorkor results from a diet very low in this.
51. In the US, 16% of children suffer from uncertain access to enough food for a healthy active life. What is this
called?
52. The condition in which a baby is not growing due to abuse or neglect.
53. Grasping is a good example of this kind of skill.
54. Crawling is a good example of this kind of skill.
55. The grasp in which objects are held by folding the fingers against the palm.
56. The grasp in which objects are held by the thumb and index finger.
57. Research suggests that this is the best time to begin toilet training.
58. Piaget's first stage of human development, spanning the first two years.
59. A toddler who sees an doggie for the first time and calls it a kittie is using this.
60. According to Piaget, these are specific psychological structures that children use to make sense of their world.
61. The understanding that objects continue to exist even when they are out of sight.
62. According to Vygotsky, tasks that a child cannot yet do on her own, but can with the help of an older peer or
an adult is in this.
63. About 2 months, babies make one-syllable vowel sounds called this.
64. The repetition of long strings of consonant-vowel combinations, beginning around 6 months.
65. At all ages, this kind of language comes before expressive language.
66. Talking to a baby or young child with high-pitched exaggerated expression, many simplified words, repeated
phrases, directions, and questions, in a slower meter.
67. The age at which children first prefer to listen to child-directed speech over other kinds of adult talk.
68. At what age can a parent begin reading to a baby?
Test ONE
| Test TWO |
| Match these answers to those questions. Answers will be reviewed in class. They may also be found on this website or in your lecture notes. 10,000 words 18 -- 30 months 5 words a day 5-year-olds 6 1/2 years 20 anal androgynous animistic thinking appetite assisted discovery associative play asthma autonomy v. shame and doubt basic emotions basic trust v. mistrust center of gravity cerebellum concrete operational conservation cooperative play corpus callosum cry, suck, sleep ... epiphyses frontal lobe good conduct good friends Head Start imaginary companions immunizations inclusion Individuals with Disabilities Education Act initiative v. guilt laugh lengthen and broaden make-believe play neurotransmitters nonsocial activity Oedipus conflict oral otitis media parallel play preoperational private speech scaffolding self-conscious emotions self-control self-guidance separation anxiety slow and regular social referencing social smile stimulant medication strangers temperament time out tying shoes unintentional injuries whole language approach |
| 1. Freud's first stage in the Psychosexual Theory of Development (children age 0--1 year). 2. Erikson's first stage in the Psychosocial Theory of Development (children age 0 -- 1 year). 3. Freud's second stage, ages 1 -- 3. 4. Erikson's second stage, ages 1 -- 3. 5. Emotions that can be observed in facial expressions, such as happiness, fear, sadness, and anger. 6. This is evoked by the human face and first appears between 6 and 10 weeks of age. 7. Playfully kissing (or zerbeting) a 4-month old baby's tummy may cause the baby to do this. 8. Among older infants, the most frequent expression of fear. 9. Relying on another person's emotional reaction to appraise an uncertain situation. 10. Shame and embarrassment are examples of this kind of emotion. 11. Infants may do this to help regulate emotions when overwhelmed by external stimuli. 12. Distress when a parent leaves the infant's presence, beginning at about 8 -- 9 months. 13. Stable individual differences in the quality and intensity of emotional reactions. 14. The capacity to resist the momentary impulse to engage in a socially disapproved behavior. 15. X-rays of these permit doctors to estimate a child's progress toward physical maturity. 16. The age at which most North American children get their first permanent tooth. 17. Although hand preference is evident in 10% of 1-year-olds, 90% of children this age show hand preference. 18. The structure at the rear and base of the brain that aids in balance and control of body movement. 19. A bundle of large fibers that connect the two hemispheres of the brain. 20. A decrease in this during the preschool years occurs because growth has slowed. 21. In an effort to reduce the rate of childhood diseases, in 1994, all medically uninsured American children were guaranteed to get these free of charge. 22. Another term for a middle ear infection. |
| 23. Preschoolers are more proficient at posture and balance because this has lowered. 24. In industrialized nations, this is the leading cause of death in early and middle childhood. 25. The most complex self-help skill of early childhood. 26. According to Piaget, the stage that occurs between 2 and 7. 27. About 25% to 45% of preschoolers spend much time in solitary make-believe play with these fantasized friends endowed with human qualities. 28. The belief that inanimate objects have lifelike qualities, such as thoughts, wishes, feelings, and intentions. 29. Hennie and Brendan have identical balls of playdough. After Brendan flattens his into a pancake, he believes that now he has more playdough than Hennie. What Piagetian skill does Brendan lack? 30. According to Vygotsky, self-directed speech that children use to plan and guide their own behavior. 31. We all talk to ourselves. Admit it. 32. According to Vygotsky, why do children speak to themselves? 33. The changing quality of social support over the course of a teaching/learning session. 34. Vygotsky believed that the best education occurred this way. 35. Vygotsky believed that the ideal social activity for learning is this. 36. Which of these is the least expensive? Head Start; special education; treatment of juvenile delinquents; welfare 37. At age 2, a child has a vocabulary of approximately 200 words. At age 6, how big is the child's vocabulary? 38. Up to about age 6, children add approximately this many new words to their vocabularies daily. 39. Erikson's critical psychological conflict during the preschool years (third stage). 40. Three year old Sam wanders around the room at preschool, observing other children. Sometimes he is unoccupied, sometimes he just watches, and sometimes he plays alone. What kind of play is this? 41. Danny and Vinny are playing with similar objects in the same room, without looking at each other. What kind of play is this? 42. Jason digs a tunnel at one end of the sand table, while Jennifer makes cupcakes at the other end. They talk to each other and pass tools back and forth. What kind of play is this? 43. In the block area, Tim and Randy work together to build a castle. What kind of play is this? 44. The Freudian conflict in which a boy desires to possess his mother and feels hostile toward his father. 45. Removing children from the immediate setting until they are ready to cooperate is called what? 46. The most effective forms of discipline encourage this. 47. As early as this age, children begin to categorize themselves and others based on gender. 48. A person who displays both masculine and feminine characteristics. 49. Compared to the first 2 years of life, growth during middle childhood is ... 50. During middle childhood, the bones of the body do this. 51. Chemicals that permit neurons to communicate across synapses. 52. The most frequent cause of school absence in middle childhood. 53. Even though middle childhood-aged boys participate in rough-and tumble play, they are most likely this. 54. Piaget's stage that spans the years from 7 to 11. 55. The most common treatment for ADHD. 56. Stimulant medication helps children with ADHD because it increases activity here. 57. This approach to reading uses instruction that parallels a child's natural learning of language. 58. School-aged children learn about this many new words a day. 59. This law requires schools in the US to provide educational services in the least restrictive environment for children with disabilities. 60. Placing children with learning disabilities in a classroom of children without disabilities. |
| Answers for Test Review TWO: 1. Oral 2. Basic Trust vs. Mistrust 3. Anal 4. Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt 5. Basic Emotions 6. Social Smile 7. Laugh 8. Strangers 9. Social Referencing 10. Self-Conscious Emotions 11. Cry, Suck, Sleep 12. Separation Anxiety 13. Temperament 14. Self Control 15. Epiphyses 16. 6 1/2 17. 5 18. Cerebellum 19. Corpus Callosum 20. Appetite 21. Immunizations 22. Otitis Media 23. Center of Gravity 24. Unintentional injuries 25. Tying shoes 26. Preoperational 27. Imaginary Companions 28. Animistic Thinking 29. Conservation 30. Private speech 31. (no answer) (not a question) 32. Self guidance 33. Scaffolding 34. Assisted discovery 35. Make-believe play 36. Head Start 37. 10,000 38. 5 words a day 39. Initiative vs. Guilt 40. Non-social activity 41. Parallel play 42. Associative play 43. Cooperative play 44. Oedipus conflict 45. Time out 46. Good conduct 47. 18-30 months 48. Androgynous 49. Slow & regular 50. Lengthen & broaden 51. Neurotransmitters 52. Asthma 53. Good friends 54. Concrete operational 55. Stimulant medication 56. Frontal lobe 57. Whole language approach 58. Twenty 59. Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) 60. Inclusion |